Public health response to a norovirus viral gastroenteritis outbreak in early childhood learning centres in Victoria, Australia, 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2022.46.64Keywords:
norovirus, alcohol-based hand sanitiser, soap and water handwashing, mass media, public health, GII.P16/GII.2Abstract
We report on the public health response to an outbreak of infectious viral gastroenteritis in early childhood learning centres (ECLC) in Victoria, Australia, during the first half of 2021. Viral gastroenteritis is a common cause of childhood diarrhoea,and is frequently spread through high-risk environments such as ECLC. Laboratory testing identified an international epidemic strain of norovirus, GII.P16/GII.2, which had not previously caused epidemic norovirus outbreaks in Victoria, as the predominant infectious agent in this outbreak. Similar outbreaks of norovirus had been observed in other Australian jurisdictions recently prior to this outbreak.
Downloads
References
Lian Y, Wu S, Luo L, Lv B, Liao Q, Li Z et al. Epidemiology of norovirus outbreaks reported to the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System, China, 2014–2017. Viruses. 2019;11(4):342. doi: https://doi.org/ 10.3390/v11040342.
Osborne CM, Montano AC, Robinson CC, Schultz-Cherry S, Dominguez SR. Viral gastroenteritis in children in Colorado 2006–2009. J Med Virol. 2015;87(6):931–9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24022.
Hebbelstrup Jensen B, Jokelainen P, Nielsen ACY, Franck KT, Rejkjaer Holm D, Schønning K et al. Children attending day care centers are a year-round reservoir of gastrointestinal viruses. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):3286. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-40077-9.
Smoll NR, Khan A, Walker J, McMahon J, Kirk M, Khandaker G. A norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in an Australian child-care center: a household-level analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):e0259145. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259145.
Victoria State Government Department of Health. A guide to the management and control of gastroenteritis outbreaks in children’s centres. [Internet.] Melbourne: Victoria State Government Department of Health; 19 February 2019. Available from: https://www2.health.vic.gov.au/about/publications/researchandreports/A-guide-to-the-management-and-control-of-gastroenteritis-outbreaks-in-childrens-centres.
Victoria State Government Department of Health. Guidelines for the investigation of gastroenteritis. Melbourne: Victoria State Government Department of Health; 2010. Available from: https://www.health.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/files/collections/research-and-reports/g/gastro-guidelines-web---pdf.pdf.
Singh D, Joshi K, Samuel A, Patra J, Mahindroo N. Alcohol-based hand sanitisers as first line of defence against SARS-CoV-2: a review of biology, chemistry and formulations. Epidemiol Infect. 2020;148:e229. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820002319.
Sato S, Matsumoto N, Hisaie K, Uematsu S. Alcohol abrogates human norovirus infectivity in a pH-dependent manner. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):15878. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-72609-z.
Tuladhar E, Hazeleger WC, Koopmans M, Zwietering MH, Duizer E, Beumer RR. Reducing viral contamination from finger pads: handwashing is more effective than alcohol-based hand disinfectants. J Hosp Infect. 2015;90(3):226–34. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2015.02.019.
Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care. Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to norovirus or suspected viral agents in Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care; 2 June 2010. Available from: https://www.health.gov.au/resources/publications/norovirus-and-suspected-viral-gastroenteritis-cdna-national-guidelines-for-public-health-units.
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Communicable Diseases Intelligence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
