Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Gram-negative Surveillance Outcome Program (GnSOP) Bloodstream Infection Annual Report 2023

Authors

  • Thomas Gottlieb Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
  • Alicia Fajardo-Lubian Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
  • Jan M Bell Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance, Canberra, the Australian Capital Territory, Australia
  • Sally R Partridge Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
  • Jennifer Robson Department of Microbiology, Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology, Bowen Hills, Queensland
  • Jonathan R Iredell Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
  • Denise A Daley Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
  • Geoffrey W Coombs Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases (AMRID) Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2025.49.003

Keywords:

Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR), antimicrobial resistance, bacteraemia, gram-negative, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella

Abstract

The Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) performs regular period-prevalence studies to monitor changes in antimicrobial resistance in selected enteric gram-negative pathogens. From 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2023, a total of 57 hospitals across Australia participated in the Australian Gram-negative Surveillance Outcome Program (GnSOP).
The 2023 survey tested 10,453 isolates, comprising Enterobacterales (9,503; 90.9%), P. aeruginosa (806; 7.7%) and Acinetobacter species (144; 1.4%), using commercial automated methods. The results were analysed using European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints (January 2024). Key resistances reported are to the third-generation cephalosporin ceftriaxone in 12.9% of Escherichia coli and in 6.9% of Klebsiella pneumoniae complex isolates. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin were 14.5% for E. coli; 7.8% for the K. pneumoniae complex; 3.2% for the Enterobacter cloacae complex; and 7.6% for P. aeruginosa. Resistance rates to piperacillin-tazobactam were 6.0%; 9.4%; 23.3%; and 13.7% for the same four species/complexes, respectively. Thirty Enterobacterales isolates from 30 patients were shown to harbour a carbapenemase gene: ten with a blaNDM gene (blaNDM-1 [4], blaNDM-5 [4], blaNDM-7 [2]); nine with a blaOXA-48-like gene (blaOXA-244 [4], blaOXA-48 [2], blaOXA-181 [1], blaOXA-232 [1], blaOXA-484 [1]); eight with blaIMP-4; two with blaNDM-5 + a blaOXA-181-like gene; and one with blaKPC-2 + blaNDM-5 + blaOXA-181. Transmissible carbapenemase genes were also detected in two Acinetobacter baumannii complex isolates (blaOXA-23; blaOXA-23 + blaOXA-58 + blaIMP-4) and one P. aeruginosa (blaIMP-4).

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Published

19/02/25 — Updated on 19/02/25

How to Cite

Gottlieb, Thomas, Alicia Fajardo-Lubian, Jan M Bell, Sally R Partridge, Jennifer Robson, Jonathan R Iredell, Denise A Daley, and Geoffrey W Coombs. 2025. “Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR) Australian Gram-Negative Surveillance Outcome Program (GnSOP) Bloodstream Infection Annual Report 2023”. Communicable Diseases Intelligence 49 (February). https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2025.49.003.

Issue

Vol. 49 (2025)

Section

Annual report

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