Report on influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2020.44.16Keywords:
GISRS, influenza, vaccines, surveillance, laboratory, annual report, WHOAbstract
As part of its role in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in Melbourne received a total of 3993 human influenza-positive samples during 2018. Viruses were analysed for their antigenic, genetic and antiviral susceptibility properties. Selected viruses were propagated in qualified cells or hens’ eggs for use as potential seasonal influenza vaccine virus candidates. In 2018, influenza A(H1)pdm09 viruses predominated over influenza A(H3) and B viruses, accounting for a total of 53% of all viruses analysed. The majority of A(H1)pdm09, A(H3) and influenza B viruses analysed at the Centre were found to be antigenically similar to the respective WHO-recommended vaccine strains for the Southern Hemisphere in 2018. However, phylogenetic analysis indicated that a significant proportion of circulating A(H3) viruses had undergone genetic drift relative to the WHO-recommended vaccine strain for 2018. Of 2864 samples tested for susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir, three A(H1)pdm09 viruses showed highly reduced inhibition by oseltamivir, while one B/Victoria virus showed highly reduced inhibition by both oseltamivir and zanamivir.
Downloads
References
Hay AJ, McCauley JW. The WHO global influenza surveillance and response system (GISRS)-A future perspective. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018;12(5):551–7.
Monto AS. Reflections on the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) at 65 years: an expanding framework for influenza detection, prevention and control. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018;12(1):10–2.
Oh DY, Barr IG, Mosse JA, Laurie KL. MDCK-SIAT1 cells show improved isolation rates for recent human influenza viruses compared to conventional MDCK cells. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(7):2189–94.
Hobson D, Curry RL, Beare AS, Ward-Gardner A. The role of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody in protection against challenge infection with influenza A2 and B viruses. J Hyg (Lond). 1972;70(4):767–77.
Lin YP, Gregory V, Collins P, Kloess J, Wharton S, Cattle N et al. Neuraminidase receptor binding variants of human influenza A(H3N2) viruses resulting from substitution of aspartic acid 151 in the catalytic site: a role in virus attachment? J Virol. 2010;84(13):6769–81.
Okuno Y, Tanaka K, Baba K, Maeda A, Kunita N, Ueda S. Rapid focus reduction neutralization test of influenza A and B viruses in microtiter system. J Clin Microbiol. 1990;28(6):1308–13.
Tilmanis D, van Baalen C, Oh DY, Rossignol JF, Hurt AC. The susceptibility of circulating human influenza viruses to tizoxanide, the active metabolite of nitazoxanide. Antiviral Res. 2017;147:142–8.
Zhou B, Deng YM, Barnes JR, Sessions OM, Chou TW, Wilson M et al. Multiplex reverse transcription-PCR for simultaneous surveillance of influenza A and B viruses. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(12):3492–501.
Hurt AC, Okomo-Adhiambo M, Gubareva LV. The fluorescence neuraminidase inhibition assay: a functional method for detection of influenza virus resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;865:115–25.
Hurt AC, Besselaar TG, Daniels RS, Ermetal B, Fry A, Gubareva L et al. Global update on the susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors, 2014–2015. Antiviral Res. 2016;132:178–85.
Deng YM, Caldwell N, Barr IG. Rapid detection and subtyping of human influenza A viruses and reassortants by pyrosequencing. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e23400.
Gerdil C. The annual production cycle for influenza vaccine. Vaccine. 2003;21(16):1776–9.
Stöhr K, Bucher D, Colgate T, Wood J. Influenza virus surveillance, vaccine strain selection, and manufacture. Methods Mol Biol. 2012;865:147–62.
Weir JP, Gruber MF. An overview of the regulation of influenza vaccines in the United States. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2016;10(5):354–60.
WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis and virological surveillance of influenza. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
Sullivan SG, Chow MK, Barr IG, Kelso A. Influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza annual report, 2014. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2015;39(4):E602–11.
Leung VK, Spirason N, Lau H, Buettner I, Leang SK, Chow MK. Influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza annual report, 2015. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2017;41(2):E150–60.
Roe M, Kaye M, Iannello P, Lau H, Buettner I, Tolosa MX et al. Report on influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in 2017. Commun Dis Intell (2018). 2019;43. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2019.43.25.
Leung VK, Deng YM, Kaye M, Buettner I, Lau H, Leang SK et al. Annual report on influenza viruses received and tested by the Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in 2016. Commun Dis Intell (2018). 2019;43. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2019.43.3.
World Health Organization. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2019 southern hemisphere influenza season. 27 September 2018. Available from: https://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/201809_recommendation.pdf
Farrukee R, Leang SK, Butler J, Lee RT, Maurer-Stroh S, Tilmanis D et al. Influenza viruses with B/Yamagata- and B/Victoria-like neuraminidases are differentially affected by mutations that alter antiviral susceptibility. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015;70(7):2004–12.
Australian Government Department of Health. National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. [Internet.] Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health; 2018. [Accessed 20 August 2018.] Available from: http://www9.health.gov.au/cda/source/cda-index.cfm
Australian Government Department of Health. Australian Influenza Surveillance Report – 2018 National Influenza Season Summary. [Internet.] Available from: https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ozflu-surveil-2018-final.htm
Barr IG, Deng YM, Grau ML, Han AX, Gilmour R, Irwin M et al. Intense interseasonal influenza outbreaks, Australia, 2018/19. Euro Surveill. 2019;24(33). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.33.1900421.
Skowronski DM, Leir S, De Serres G, Murti M, Dickinson JA, Winter AL et al. Children under 10 years of age were more affected by the 2018/19 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 epidemic in Canada: possible cohort effect following the 2009 influenza pandemic. Euro Surveill. 2019;24(15). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.15.1900104.
Shakur S, Laurenson-Schafer H, Vette K, Hammond A, Besselaar T, Fitzner J et al. Review of the 2018 influenza season in the southern hemisphere. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2018;93(51/52):693–705.
Skowronski DM, Janjua NZ, De Serres G, Sabaiduc S, Eshaghi A, Dickinson JA et al. Low 2012–13 influenza vaccine effectiveness associated with mutation in the egg-adapted H3N2 vaccine strain not antigenic drift in circulating viruses. PLoS One. 2014;9(3):e92153.
Zost SJ, Parkhouse K, Gumina ME, Kim K, Diaz Perez S, Wilson PC et al. Contemporary H3N2 influenza viruses have a glycosylation site that alters binding of antibodies elicited by egg-adapted vaccine strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(47):12578–83.
Barr IG, Russell C, Besselaar TG, Cox NJ, Daniels RS, Donis R et al. WHO recommendations for the viruses used in the 2013-2014 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine: Epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses collected from October 2012 to January 2013. Vaccine. 2014;32(37):4713–25.
World Health Organization. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2019 southern hemisphere influenza season: September 2018. [Accessed 27 September 2018.] Available from: https://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/201809_recommendation.pdf?ua=1
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Communicable Diseases Intelligence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
